Original Article
The Effect of Helicopter Parenting on Emerging Adult Students’ Burnout
Year: 2026 | Month: June | Volume 14 | Issue 1
Anderson, J. 2019. The Much-Hated “Helicopter Parenting” Style Has Surprisingly Broad Appeal. Available online at: https://qz.com/1514079/much-hatedhelicopter-parenting-style-is-surprisingly-popular/
View at Google ScholarArnett, J. and Mitra, D. 2018. Are the Features of Emerging Adulthood Developmentally Distinctive? A Comparison of Ages 18-60 in the United States. December (2018). Emerging Adulthood, 8(5):
View at Google Scholar View at CrossRefArnett, J.J. 2005. Emerging Adulthood A Theory of Development from the Late Teens Through the Twenties. June 2000. American Psychologist, 55(5): 469-80.
View at Google ScholarArnett, J.J. 2015. Emerging Adulthood: The Winding Road from the Late Teens Through the Twenties. (2nd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.
View at Google ScholarAsikainen, H., Nieminen, J.H., Hasa, J. and Katajavuori, N. 2022. University students’ interest and burnout profiles and their relation to approaches to learning and achievement. Learning and Individual Differences, 93: 102105.
View at Google ScholarAuerbach, R.P., Bruffaerts, R., Mortier, P., Kiekens, G., Cuijpers, P., Green, J.G. and Kessler, R.C. 2018. Mental health problems in college freshmen: Prevalence and academic functioning. Journal of Affective Disorders, 225: 97-103.
View at Google ScholarBelsky, J. 1984. The determinants of parenting: a process model. Child Dev., pp. 83–96.
View at Google ScholarBronfenbrenner, U. 1986. Ecology of the family as a context for human development: research perspectives. Dev Psychol., 22: 723–42.
View at Google ScholarCarone, N., Gartrell, N.K., Rothblum, E.D., Koh, A.S. and Bos, H.M. 2022. Helicopter parenting, emotional avoidant coping, mental health, and homophobic stigmatization among emerging adult offspring of lesbian parents. J. Fam. Psychol., 36: 1205–1215.
View at Google ScholarChang, E.C., Rand, K.L. and Strunk, D.R. 2000. Optimism and risk for job burnout among working college students: stress as a mediator. Personality and Individual Differences, 29: 255-263.
View at Google ScholarCline, F. and Fay, J. 1990. Parenting With Love and Logic; Teaching Children Responsibility. Colorado Springs, CO: Pinon Press.
View at Google ScholarFingerman, K.L., Cheng, Y.P., Wesselmann, E.D., Zarit, S., Furstenberg, F. and Birditt, K.S. 2012. Helicopter Parents and Landing Pad Kids: Intense Parental support of Grown Children. Journal of Marriage and Family, 74(4): 880-896.
View at Google ScholarFreudenberger, H.J. 1974. Staff burn-out. Journal of Social Issues, 30(1): 159-165.
View at Google ScholarGutman, L.M. and Feinstein, L. 2010. Parenting behaviours and children’s development from infancy to early childhood: changes, continuities and contributions. Early Child Dev. Care, 180: 535–556.
View at Google ScholarHayes, A.F. and Preacher, K.J. 2013. Conditional process modeling: using structural equation modeling to examine contingent causal processes.
View at Google ScholarHe, Y. and Ji, L. 2003. The impact of the duration of physical exercise on the depression level and physical self-esteem of college students and the validation of the mediating model. Sports Sci., 4: 58-60+66.
View at Google ScholarHirsch, D. and Goldberg, E. 2010. Hovering practices in and outside the classroom, time to land? About Campus, pp. 30-32.
View at Google ScholarHunt, J. 2008. Make Room for Daddy… and Mommy: Helicopter Parents are here. The Journal of Academic Administration in Higher Education, 4(1): 9-11.
View at Google ScholarIngen, D.J., Freiheit, S., Steinfeldt, J.A. and Moore, L. 2015. Helicopter Parenting: The Effect of an Overbearing Caregiving Style on Peer Attachment and Self-Efficacy. April (2015). Journal of College Counseling, 18(1): 7-20.
View at Google ScholarIshizuka, P. 2019. Social class, gender, and contemporary parenting standards in the United States: evidence from a national survey experiment. Soc. Forces, 98: 31–58.
View at Google ScholarKahill, S. 1988. Symptoms of Professional Burnout: A Review of the Empirical Evidence. Canadian Psychology/Psychologies Canadienne, 29(3): 284-297.
View at Google ScholarKlick, J. and Mitchell, G. 2016. Infantilization by regulation. Regulation, 39: 32.
View at Google ScholarKouros, C.D., Pruitt, M.M., Ekas, N.V. et al. 2017. Helicopter Parenting, Autonomy Support and College Students’ Mental Health and well-Being: The moderating Role of Sex and Ethnicity. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 26: 939-949.
View at Google ScholarLeMoyne, T. and Buchanan, T. 2011. Does “Hovering” Matter? Helicopter Parenting and Its Effect on Well-Being. Sociological Spectrum, 31(4): 399-418.
View at Google ScholarLi, J.B., Delvecchio, E. and Lis, A. 2015. Parental attachment, self-control, and depressive symptoms in Chinese and Italian adolescents: test of a mediation model. J. Adolesc., 43: 159–70.
View at Google ScholarMasud, H., Thurasamy, R. and Ahmad, M.S. 2015. Parenting styles and academic achievement of young adolescents: a systematic literature review. Qual. Quantity, 49: 2411–2433.
View at Google ScholarMay, R.W., Bauer, K.N. and Fincham, F.D. 2015. School burnout: Diminished academic and cognitive performance. Learning and Individual Differences, 42: 126–131.
View at Google ScholarMilevsky, A., Schlechter, M., Netter, S. and Keehn, D. 2007. Maternal and paternal parenting styles in adolescents: associations with self-esteem, depression and life-satisfaction. J. Child Fam. Stud., 16: 39–47.
View at Google Scholar



