Original Article
Comparative Study of Automation and Conventional System on Production Performance in Poultry Farms
Year: 2021 | Month: February | Volume 11 | Issue 1
Abanikannda, O.T.F., Olutogun, O., Leigh, A.O. and Ajayi, L.A., 2007. Statistical modeling of egg weight and egg dimensions in commercial layers. Int. J. Poult Sci., 6(1): 59-63.
View at Google ScholarAbrahamsson, P. and R. Tauson., 1995. Aviary systems and conventional cages for laying hens. Effects on production, egg quality, health and birds’ location in three hybrids. Acta Agric. Scand., 45: 191–200
View at Google ScholarAbrahamsson, P., Tauson, R. and Elwinger, K. 1996. Effects on production, health and egg quality of varying proportions of wheat and barley in diets for two hybrids of laying hens kept in different housing systems. Acta Agric. Scand., 46(3): 173- 182.
View at Google ScholarAdam, I.Y.I., 2017. Effect of Deep-Litter Floor and Battery Cages System on the Productive Performance of Commercial Layers in Elobied, Sudan (Doctoral dissertation, University of Kordofan).
View at Google ScholarAhammed, M., Chae, B.J., Lohakare, J., Keohavong, B., Lee, M.H., Lee, S.J., Kim, D.M., Lee, J.Y. and Ohh, S.J., 2014. Comparison of aviary, barn and conventional cage raising of chickens on laying performance and egg quality. Asian-Aus. J. Anim. Sci., 27(8): 1190-1196.
View at Google ScholarAnderson, K.E. and Adams, A.W., 1992. Effects of rearing density and feeder and waterer spaces on the productivity and fearful behaviour of layers. Poult. Sci., 71(1): 53-58.
View at Google ScholarAnderson, K.E. and Adams, A.W., 1994. Effects of floor versus cage rearing and feeder space on growth, long bone development, and duration of tonic immobility in single comb White Leghorn pullets. Poult. Sci., 73(7): 958-964.
View at Google ScholarAnonymous. 1997. Hubbard Breeder Management Guide. Hubbard Farms, Walpole, New: pp. 21-32.
View at Google ScholarAnonymous. 2009. Cobb Breeder Management Guide. Cobb Farms, Arkansas, USA: pp. 14-22
View at Google ScholarAOAC, 2003. Official methods of analysis of the association of official’s analytical chemists,17th edn. Association of official analytical chemists, Arlington, Virginia.
View at Google ScholarArmstrong, D.V. and Quick, A.J., 1986. Time and motion to measure milking parlor performance. J. of Dairy Sci, 69(4): 1169-1177.
View at Google ScholarAryal, S., 2018. MacConkey Agar-composition, principle, uses, preparation and colony morphology. Obtenido de Microbiologyinfo: Accesed on http://www. Microbiologyinfo. com/macconkey-agar-composition-principle-uses- preparation-and-colony-morphology.
View at Google ScholarBasic Animal Husbandry and Fisheries Statistics. 2019, Government of India, New Delhi, India.
View at Google ScholarBell, D.D., Weaver, W.D. and North, M.O. 2002. Commercial chicken meat and egg production. 4th Ed Springer Science & Business Media, pp. 25-850.
View at Google ScholarBell, D.D., Weaver, W.D. and North, M.O. 2007. Commercial chicken meat and egg production. 5th Ed Springer Science & Business Media, pp. 140-780
View at Google ScholarBurdine, W.B., Bagley, C.P. and Evans, R.R., 1993. Weanling heifer performance on chicken litter supplements. Livestock Day Rep. MAFES Bull., 243: 24.
View at Google ScholarCastellini, C., Perella, F., Mugnai, C. and Dal Bosco, A., 2006. Welfare, productivity and qualitative traits of egg in laying reared under different rearing systems. In Proc. 12th Eur. Conf. on Poultry, Sept, 2006..Verona, Italy, pp. 592-598
View at Google ScholarClark, C.E.F., Farina, S.R., Garcia, S.C., Islam, M.R., Kerrisk, K.L. and Fulkerson, W.J. 2016. A comparison of conventional and automatic milking system pasture utilization and pre and post grazing pasture mass. Grass and Forage Sci., 71(1): 153-159.
View at Google ScholarCole, T.J., Kreger, L.L. and Bird, C.R., CTB Inc, 2009. Pan breeder feeder. U.S. Patent 7,584,716.
View at Google ScholarDevendra, C. and Raghavan, G.V. (1978). Agricultural by- products in South East Asia: Availability, Utilisation and potential value. World. Rev. Anim. Prod., 14: 11-28.
View at Google ScholarDu Plessis, P.H.C. and Erasmus, J., 1972. The relationship between egg production, egg weight and body weight in laying hens. World. Poult. Sci. J., 28(3): 301-310.
View at Google ScholarÐuki?-Stoj?i?, M., Peri?, L., Bjedov, S. and Miloševi?, N., 2009. The quality of table eggs produced in different housing systems. Biotech. Anim. Husbandry., 25(5/6): 1103-1108.
View at Google ScholarEekeren, N.V., Maas, A., Saatkamp, H.W. and Verschuur, M., 2006. Small-scale chicken production. 4th Ed, Agromisa/ CTA, Wageningen,. pp.1-91
View at Google ScholarEnglmaierová, M., T?mová, E., Charvátová, V. and Sk?ivan, M. 2014. Effects of laying hens housing system on laying performance, egg quality characteristics, and egg microbial contamination. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 59: 345-352.
View at Google ScholarEnsimnger, M.E., 1977. Anim. Sci. (7th ed). The Interstate printers and publishers, USA. pp. 860-871.
View at Google ScholarGerzilov, V., Datkova, V., Mihaylova, S. and Bozakova, N. 2012. Effect of poultry housing systems on egg production. Bulgarian J. Agri. Sci., 18(6): 953-957.
View at Google ScholarGoan, C. 1994. Management of nipple watering systems for broilers. Agricultural Extension Service, University of Tennessee. Accessed on http://www.utextension.utk.edu/ publications/pbfiles/pb1, 533.
View at Google ScholarHarms, R.H. 1984. The influence of feeding program on peak production and avoiding sudden declines in production with broiler breeders. Poult. Sci., 63(8): 1667-1668.
View at Google ScholarHaug, A., Williams, R.B. and Larsen, S. 2006. Counting coccidial oocysts in chicken faeces: a comparative study of a standard McMaster technique and a new rapid method. Vet. Parasitol., 136(3-4): 233-242.
View at Google ScholarHovi, M., Sundrum, A. and Thamsborg, S.M. 2003. Animal health and welfare in organic livestock production in Europe: current state and future challenges. Livestock Prod. Sci., 80(1-2): 41-53.
View at Google ScholarHurnik, G.I., Reinhart, B.S. and Hurnik, J.F. 1978. Relationship between albumen quality and hatchability in fresh and stored hatching eggs. Poult. Sci., 57(4): 854-857.
View at Google ScholarIdowu, P.A., Mpayipheli, M. and Muchenje, V. 2018. Practices, housing and diseases within indigenous poultry production in Eastern Cape, South Africa. J. Agric. Sci., 10: 111-121.
View at Google ScholarJahan, S., Islam, F., Bhuiyan, M.S.A. and Bhuiyan, A.K.F.H., 2017. Productive and reproductive performances of indigenous chicken in the rural condition of Bangladesh. Bangladesh J. Anim. Sci., 46(2): 121-127.
View at Google ScholarKekeocha, C.C. 1984. Pfizer poultry production handouts. Published by Pfizer Corporation, Nairobi, Kenya, pp. 165- 166.
View at Google ScholarKristensen, I.S. and Sillebak-Kristensen, I. 1996. Ecological production of eggs and crops. Technical and economic farm results in 1994-95. Beretningfra Statens Husdyrbrugsforsog.,730: 93-163
View at Google ScholarLacin E, Yildiza, Esenbugan and Macitm. 2008. The effects of differences in the initial body weight of groups on laying performance and egg quality parameters of Lohmann laying hens. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 53(11): 466-471.
View at Google ScholarLamidi, O.S. 1995. Poultry Manure as Supplement for Cattle Grazing the Natural Pastures. M Sc Thesis, Department of Animal Science, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
View at Google ScholarLampkin, N., Padel, S., Fowler, S., Rajah, K., Mcdougall, I., Langstaff, L., O’regan, T. and Sharples, T. 1997. Organic Poultry Production; Report to MAFF; Welsh Institute of Rural Studies,University of Wales: Aberystwyth, UK.
View at Google ScholarLeeson, S. and Summers, J., 1991. Commercial Poultry Nutrition. 3rd Ed. Nottingham University Press, Guelph. Ontario., pp. 190-332.
View at Google ScholarLeeson, S. and Summers, J., 2009. Commercial Poultry Nutrition 4th Ed. Nottingham University Press, Guelph. Ontario., pp. 284-375.
View at Google ScholarMacari, M. and Amaral, L.A. 1997. Importancia da Qualidade da Agua Na Criacao de Frangos de Corte: Tipos, Vantagens e Desvantagens. Anais da Apinco Campinas., pp. 121-143.
View at Google ScholarMeunier, Salaün, M.C., Huon, F. and Faure, J.M. 1984. Lack of influence of pullet rearing conditions on the hen’s performance. Br. Poult. Sci., 25(4): 541-546.
View at Google ScholarMugnai, C., Dal Bosco, A. and Castellini, C. 2009. Effect of rearing system and season on the performance and egg characteristics of Ancona laying hens. Italian J. Anim. Sci., 8(2): 175-188.
View at Google ScholarNeijat, M., House, J.D., Guenter, W. and Kebreab, E. 2011. Production performance and nitrogen flow of Shaver White layers housed in enriched or conventional cage systems. Poult. Sci., 90(3): 543-554.
View at Google ScholarPetek, M. 1999. Production traits and economic efficiencies of different genotypes of layers reared by enterprises in Bursa province and it’s near vicinity. Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi Uludag Universitesi., 18(1-2): 65-77.
View at Google ScholarPlatz, S., Heyn, E., Hergt, F., Weigl, B. and Erhard, M., 2009.3rd Ed. Comparative study on the behavior, health and productivity of laying hens in a furnished cage and an aviary system. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr., 122(7-8): 235- 240.
View at Google ScholarQureshi, M.A., Hussain, I. and Heggen, C.L., 1998. Understanding immunology in disease development and control. Poult. Sci., 77(8): 1126-1129.
View at Google ScholarRakonjac, S., Bogosavljevi?-Boškovi?, S., Škrbi?, Z., Peri?, L., Doskovi?, V., Petrovi?, M.D. and Petri?evi?, V. 2017. The effect of the rearing system, genotype and laying hens age on the egg weight and share of main parts of eggs. Acta Agric Scand A., 22(44): 185-192.
View at Google ScholarRautenschlein, S., Yeh, H.Y. and Sharma, J.M., 2003. Comparative immunopathogenesis of mild, intermediate, and virulent strains of classic infectious bursal disease virus. Avian Dis., 47(1): 66-78.
View at Google ScholarReyna, P.S., Mcdougald, L.R. and Mathis, G.F. 1983. Survival of coccidia in poultry litter and reservoirs of infection. Avian Dis., 464-473.
View at Google ScholarRuffin, B.G. and Mccaskey, T.A. 1990. Feeding broiler litter to cattle. Circular ANR-Alabama Cooperative Extension Service, Auburn University (USA).
View at Google ScholarSaleh, H.M., Elwan, K.M., El-Fouly, H.A., Ibrahim, I.I., Salama, A.M. and Elashry, M.A. 2002. The use of poultry waste as a dietary supplement for ruminants field evaluation of animal feed supplementation packages, pp. 43.
View at Google ScholarScanes, C.G. 2016. Biology of stress in poultry with emphasis on glucocorticoids and the heterophil to lymphocyte ratio. Poult. Sci., 95(9): 2208-2215.
View at Google ScholarShah, S., Westerman, P.W. and Parsons, J. 2006. Poultry litter amendments. NC Cooperative Extension Service
View at Google ScholarSingh, R.V., Saxena, V.K. and Sharma, D., 2009. Technological developments in the poultry sub-sector; In technology options for sustainable livestock production in India.
View at Google ScholarSonkamble, V.V., Srivastava, A.K., Pawar, M.M., Chauhan, H.D., Ankuya, K.J. and Jain, A.K., 2020. Effect of cage or deep litter housing on production performance of White Leghorn chickens. J. Anim. Res., 10(2): 263-268.
View at Google ScholarSosnówka-Czajka, E., Herbut, E. and Skomorucha, I. 2010. Effect of different housing systems on productivity and welfare of laying hens. Ann Anim Sci., 10: 349-60.
View at Google ScholarStatistics, B.B.A.H., 20th Livestock census (2019). DAHDF, Ministry of Agriculture, pp. 65-73.
View at Google ScholarTactacan, G.B., Guenter, W., Lewis, N.J., Rodriguez-Lecompte, J.C. and House, J.D. 2009. Performance and welfare of laying hens in conventional and enriched cages. Poult. Sci., 88(4): 698-707.
View at Google ScholarTanaka, T. and Hurnik, J.F., 1992. Comparison of behaviour and performance of laying hens housed in battery cages and an aviary. Poult. Sci., 71(2): 235-243.
View at Google ScholarTauson, R., Wahlström, A. and Abrahamsson, P. 1999. Effect of two floor housing systems and cages on health, production, and fear response in layers. J. Appl. Poult. Res., 8(2): 152- 159.
View at Google ScholarThiele, H.H. and Pottgüter, R. 2008. Management recommendations for laying hens in deep litter, perchery and free range systems. Lohman Information, 43(1): 53.
View at Google ScholarTyagi, P.K., Shrivastav, A.K., Tyagi, P.K., Mandal, A.B. and Elangovan, A.V. 2009. Near infrared reflectance (NIR) spectroscopy to predict the metabolisable energy content in poultry feeds. Indian J. Poul. Sci., 44(1): 45-48.
View at Google ScholarVan Krey, H.P. and Weaver Jr, W.D. 1988. Effects of feeder space on body weight uniformity of broiler breeder pullets during an alternate day feeding program. Poult. Sci., 67(7): 996-1000.
View at Google Scholar



